#include <stdio.h>
void lb_uart_sendbyte(uint8_t *str)
{
	HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,str,1,1000);
}
void lb_uart_sendstring(uint8_t *str)
{
	unsigned int k=0;
  do 
  {
      HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t *)(str + k) ,1,1000);
      k++;
  } while(*(str + k)!='\0');
}
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
	HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 1000);	
	return (ch);
}
int fgetc(FILE *f)
{		
	int ch;
	HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 1000);	
	return (ch);
}

0，cubemx中配置串口为ASYNC，且开启串口中断

1，mian.c中定义全局变量
#define uart1_rev_size 6
uint8_t uart1_rev_buf[6]={0x00}; 
uint8_t uart1_rev_onebyte [1]={0};

2，main.c中main函数的while前调用接收中断
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1,uart1_rev_onebyte,1);

3，while中执行用户逻辑

4，main.c的最后放接收中断完成回调函数
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
	if(huart==&huart1)
	{
	      static uint8_t USART1_Receive_buff[uart1_rev_size]={0x00}; 
				static uint8_t Uart1_Receive_Number=0;//一次性接收了多少个数据
				static uint8_t Uart1_Receive_enable=0;//是否使能接收数据
			
				if(uart1_rev_onebyte[0]==0xFD )//如果收到了帧头：
				{
					Uart1_Receive_enable=1;	//使能接收
					Uart1_Receive_Number=0;//从第零位开始接收。
					memset(USART1_Receive_buff, 0, sizeof(USART1_Receive_buff));//清空接收区数据
				}
				else if(uart1_rev_onebyte[0]==0xDF && Uart1_Receive_Number==uart1_rev_size-1)//如果收到了帧尾,并且数据长度正常。
				{
					USART1_Receive_buff[Uart1_Receive_Number]=uart1_rev_onebyte[0];//将帧尾放进去后，再使能接收
							Uart1_Receive_enable=0;//失能接收
							Uart1_Receive_Number=0;//清零接收位。

							memcpy(uart1_rev_buf,USART1_Receive_buff,sizeof(USART1_Receive_buff));
					    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,uart1_rev_buf,uart1_rev_size,0xffff);
				}
				if(Uart1_Receive_enable==1)//如果接收被使能,开始接收数据
				{
					USART1_Receive_buff[Uart1_Receive_Number]=uart1_rev_onebyte[0];
					Uart1_Receive_Number++;
				}
				HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, uart1_rev_onebyte, 1);//开启下一次接收中断
	}
}